Breech Presentation: Prevalence, Outcome and Review of 512 Cases of Breech

Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and the mode of delivery of breech presentation and outcome in each method. Methods and Material: A retrospective study performed at King Abdulaziz University Hospital from January 2002 to August 2014, for all cases of breech. Data collated from the chart Age, gravidity, gestational age, and method of delivery, vaginal versus cesarean section. Duration of labor, baby weight, gender, Apgar score, and admission to NICU, fetal and maternal complication recorded. Results: A total number of delivery (55853) in 13 years, admitted to the obstetrical service at KAUH from January 2002 to August 2014, 604 patients diagnosed as breech give a rate of 1.108%. Age of patients ranges from 17 to 42 years The gravidity range from 1 to 15). Gestational age in weeks ranges from 28 to 42. 132 patients were primigravida, and 380 were multigravida ( 25.9%). 124 delivered vaginally (24.2%). When we compare the mean of maternal age, gravidity and gestational age and fetal weight between the group delivery by C/S and those delivered vaginally gestational age, and fetal weight was statistically significant with p-value < 0.001. When comparing the booking status, the gender, and the neonatal outcome whether the baby stillbirth, admitted to nursery or NUIC, it was found that vaginal delivery with poor outcome( SB and admission to NICU ) statically significant with p-value <0.001. The fetal complication contributes to (16.8%). The maternal complication occurred in (14.8%). Conclusion: The rate of breech presentation in our institution is lower than what is reported word wide. Not all obstetrician chose cesarean as a mode of delivery and about a quarter of breech presentation delivered vaginally a proper protocol for vaginal delivery should be available in every hospital Limitation this study is a retrospective study and further randomized controlled studies are needed.